IEEE PROJECT ABSTRACT 2013-WIRELESS EYEBALL WHEELCHAIR PROJECTS FOR PARALYSED PATIENTS

ELECTRICAL PROJECTS ABSTRACT

Wind-Solar Energy -hybrid power generation System

INTRODUCTION

Renewable energy is energy that comes from resources which are continually replenished such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat. About 16% of global final energy consumption comes from renewable resources, with 10% of all energy from traditional biomass, mainly used for heating, and 3.4% from hydroelectricity. New renewables (small hydro, modern biomass, wind, solar, geothermal, and biofuels) accounted for another 3% and are growing very rapidly.^[1] The share of renewables in electricity generation is around 19%, with 16% of electricity coming from hydroelectricity and 3% from new renewables.

Wind power

Airflows can be used to run wind turbines. Modern utility-scale wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5 MW of rated power, although turbines with rated output of 1.5–3 MW have become the most common for commercial use; the power available from the wind is a function of the cube of the wind speed, so as wind speed increases, power output increases dramatically up to the maximum output for the particular turbine. Areas where winds are stronger and more constant, such as offshore and high altitude sites, are preferred locations for wind farms. Typical capacity factors are 20-40%, with values at the upper end of the range in particularly favourable sites.

Solar energy

Solar energy applies energy from the sun in the form of solar radiation for heat or to generate electricity. Solar powered electricity generation uses either photovoltaics or heat engines (concentrated solar power). A partial list of other solar applications includes space heating and cooling through solar architecture, daylighting, solar hot water, solar cooking, and high temperature process heat for industrial purposes.

Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute solar energy. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic panels and solar thermal collectors to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air.

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Growing concerns of global warming, volatility of oil price, vanishing fossil fuels, and energy security have increased the public interest in clean and  sustainable energy resources. Residential generation systems harnessing wind

and solar energy are seen as a potential answer to individual energy concerns.

The demonstration system consists of a 3W PV array mounted on the roof of the building and a 18W wind turbine on a handmade monopole tower installed near the building as shown in Figure 1. The system is named “WISE” to imply the benefits of combining wind and solar energy resources for residential electric generation.

It also contains a microcontroller to check the generated voltages and availability of power and switches the circuit accordingly to take power from the system continuously.

The project model block diagram is given below

Block Diagram

IEEE PROJECT ABSTRACT 2013-WIRELESS EYEBALL WHEELCHAIR PROJECTS FOR PARALYSED PATIENTS

EMBEDDED PROJECTS-CHENNAI/IEEE PROJECTS-WIRELESS Eye ball Sensor for automatic Wheel Chair for paralysed patients

This Wireless intellichair is designed to help the paralysed person who moves on a wheel chair, instead of the handicapped person moves the wheel chair by his hand, the chair will automatically move to a particular direction as the patient moves his eyes towards a direction, with the help of Eye ball movement detection sensor. The chair will also sense the obstacles in front of it and  gives a beep sound.  The details regarding the construction of this chair includes the following

Model:

       A prototype model which symbolizes the wheel chair is constructed using the MS Sheet (WHEELCHAIR BATTERY OPERATED- USING DC MOTOR

12V/60 RPM-1AMPS CURRENT RATINGS)

Pic Microcontroller Board:

This is the board which contains PIC Microcontroller Chip as well as the clock Circuitry, Reset Circuit and Power Supply for the Microcontroller.

Power supply:

Provides Power Supply for the IC’s and components

RF Transmitter:

A wireless RF 433 MHZ transmitter is used to convert the digital signals from the encoder to Wireless RF Signals and transmit the data

RF Receiver:

A wireless RF 433 MHZ Receiver is used to convert the Wireless RF Signals to digital signals and sends it to the microcontroller

Intruder Sensor

EYEBALL WHEELCHAIR-SOLAR OPERATED REAL WHEELCHAIR

 

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SOLAR SYSTEMS BASED EYEBALL SENSING REAL TIME WHWEELCHAIR

       An Infrared sensor is used as a intruder detector.  So when an intruder is sensed we can redirect the movement of the Model.

Eye ball Movement Sensor:

       This is used to sense the movement of the eye ball’s direction and converts it into digital data and transfers it to the Master controller. (Straight Command, Left/Right Command, Stop Command)